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Advancing Agroecology in International Law

Advancing Agroecology in International Law

Author: Rob Amos
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 9781032563688
Published In: October 2023
Format: Hardback
Jurisdiction: U.K. ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only

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Producing enough food is a basic human priority and a critical challenge in the face of a growing population and the deteriorating ecological health of the planet. Modern agricultural practices promise to maximise the productive efficiency of available land but are one of the main drivers of agro- and biodiversity loss. Agroecology, which places ecological sustainability and diversity at the heart of agriculture, is one response to these challenges. It presents agriculture not only as the process through which food is produced, but as a dynamic socioecological phenomenon that exists through networks comprising natural and human stakeholders at global, national and subnational levels. Drawing on a combination of agroecological and legal literature, this book explores where there is space in international law to pursue agroecology. Using a range of case studies, it demonstrates how concepts, mechanisms and regulatory approaches in the law advance, and can be reformed to further advance, an agroecological legal framework that allows humanity to meet its agricultural needs in a way that protects the natural and cultural diversity that is fundamental to the ecological integrity of the planet.

Foreword

Preface and Acknowledgements

Table of Instruments

PART 1: PROTECTING DIVERSITY

Introduction: Agroecology and the Law

Defining Agroecology

Locating Agroecology in the Law

The Structure of this Book

1. Conservation of Agrobiodiversity

International Conservation Law and Agriculture

The Convention on Biological Diversity

The UN Food and Agriculture Organisation

Conclusions

2. Monocultures and Genetic Diversity

The Rise of the Monoculture

Invasive/Alien Species and Disease

Intellectual Property Rights and Crop Genetic Diversity

Protecting Traditional Agricultural Knowledge

Conclusions

3. Genetically Modified Organisms and Organic Agriculture

GMOs in Socioecological Networks

Organic Agriculture and GMOs in the Context of Agroecology

Responding to the Risks of GMOs

Creating Space for GM-Crops in Agroecological Networks

Conclusions

4. Landscapes

Defining ‘Landscape’

A Right to Landscape?

International Programmes for Landscape Protection

Conclusions

PART 2: SUPPORTING SOCIOECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS

5. Ecosystem Services

Ecosystem Services and Agroecology

Ecosystem Services and International Conservation Law

Incorporating Ecosystem Services into International Law

Conclusions

6. Soil Conservation and Land Degradation

Soil and Sustainability

Soil Conservation in International Law

A Soil Treaty?

Land Degradation and Desertification

Conclusions

7. Water Conservation

Our Changing Perceptions of Water

Natural Water Infrastructure

Protecting Freshwater Ecosystems in International Law

Aquaculture

Conclusions

8. Climate Change

Agriculture and Climate Change

The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change

Climate Change Adaptation in Kiribati

Conclusions

PART 3: AGROECOLOGY IN A GLOBALISED WORLD

9. Environmental Assessment

The Origins of Environmental Assessment

Defining Environmental Assessment

Environmental Assessment in International Law

(Re)Introducing Ecology to Environmental Assessment

Conclusions

10. Transboundary Pollution

Agriculture and Pollution

Transboundary Air Pollution

Persistent Organic Pollutants

Unified Approaches to Hazardous Substances and Pollution

Conclusions

11. International Trade

Neoliberalism and Agroecology

Agroecology, Trade and the Environment in the WTO

The WTO’s Rules on Agricultural Trade

Regulating the Drivers of Zoonotic Disease

Conclusions

PART 4: AGROECOLOGY IN SOCIETY

12. Tracing a Path from Food Security to Food Justice

Food (In)Security and International Law

Food Security

The Right to Food

Food Sovereignty

Food Justice

Conclusions

Conclusion: Finding Space for Agroecology

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