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Aviation Law and Drones: Unmanned Aircraft and the Future of Aviation

Aviation Law and Drones: Unmanned Aircraft and the Future of Aviation

Author: David Hodgkinson; Rebecca Johnston
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 9780367669843

Published In: September 2020
Format: Paperback
Jurisdiction: U.K. ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only
Hardback Edition ISBN: 9781138572447

List Price: HKD 467.87

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The aviation industry is being transformed by the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones – commercially, militarily, scientifically and recreationally. National regulations have generally failed to keep pace with the expansion of the fast-growing drone industry.

Aviation Law and Drones: Unmanned Aircraft and the Future of Aviation traces the development of aviation laws and regulations, explains how aviation is regulated at an international and national level, considers the interrelationship between rapidly advancing technology and legislative attempts to keep pace, and reviews existing domestic and international drone laws and issues (including safety, security, privacy and airspace issues).

Against this background, the book uniquely proposes a rationale for, and key provisions of guiding principles for the regulation of drones internationally – provisions of which could also be implemented domestically. Finally, the book examines the changing shape of our increasingly busy skies – technology beyond drones and the regulation of that technology. The world is on the edge of major disruption in aviation – drones are just the beginning.

Given the almost universal interest in drones, this book will be of interest to readers worldwide, from the academic sector and beyond.

Preface

Foreword

Introduction

Acronyms

DRONES, INNNOVATION AND THE CHALLENGE FOR LAW MAKERS

1.1 The Drone Revolution

1.1.1 Definition

1.1.2 History

1.1.3 Turning Points

1.2 Keeping Pace with Technology

1.2.1 Current Use of Drones and The Pace of Technological Growth

1.2.2 Drones – Some Challenges

1.2.3 Current Regulation of Drones

1.2.4 Limitations of Current Regulation of Drones

1.3 Challenges for Law Makers

1.3.1 Balancing Risks and Benefits

1.3.2 Law, Technology and Retrofitting

1.3.3 Problems of Enforcement

EXISTING DRONE REGULATION AND ITS ISSUES

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Drones – Challenges

2.2.1 Privacy Issues

2.2.2 Safety and Security Issues

2.3 Current Domestic Regulations

2.3.1 Operational Rules

2.3.2 Safety Regulations

2.3.3 Security Regulations

2.3.4 Insurance

2.3.5 Registration

2.3.6 Licensing

2.4 Current International Regulations

2.4.1 Introduction

2.4.2 The Global Regulatory Regime

2.4.3 European Union

2.5 Making Space for Drones

2.5.1 Airspace issues

2.5.2 Enforcement issues

2.5.3 Integration

2.6 Industry Comment

DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION LAWS AND REGULATIONS

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 FROM PARIS TO CHICAGO

3.2.1 ORIGINS OF FLIGHT

3.2.2 THE 1919 PARIS CONVENTION

3.2.3 THE CENTRAL ROLE OF AIRSPACE SOVEREIGNTY

3.2.4 THE 1944 CHICAGO CONVENTION

3.2.5 THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE CHICAGO CONVENTION

3.2.6 LIBERALISATION OF AIR SERVICES, AND THE RIGHT TO FLY POST-CHICAGO

(THE DEVELOPMENT OF FURTHER FREEDOMS IN THE AIR)

3.3 FROM WARSAW TO MONTREAL

3.3.1 THE WARSAW SYSTEM

3.3.2 THE 1929 WARSAW CONVENTION

3.3.3 THE HAGUE PROTOCOL 1955

3.3.4 THE GUADALAJARA CONVENTION OF 1961

3.3.5 THE MONTREAL AGREEMENT OF 1966

3.3.6 THE GUATEMALA CITY PROTOCOL OF 1971

3.3.7 THE MONTREAL ADDITIONAL PROTOCOLS OF 1975

3.3.8 THE MONTREAL CONVENTION OF 1999

3.3.9 FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS

3.4 AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY

3.4.1 COMPENSATION CONVENTIONS FOR DAMAGE TO THIRD PARTIES

REGULATION OF AVIATION AT THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LEVELS

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Treaties and International Instruments

4.2.1 The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

4.2.2 Treaties

4.2.3 Customary International Law

4.2.4 Guiding Principles

4.2.5 Breaches of international aviation law

4.3 Domestic Implementation of International Law

4.3.1 Relationship between International and Domestic Law

4.3.2 Monism and Dualism

4.3.3 Australia’s position

4.3.4 Implementation of international treaties at the sub-national level

4.3.5 Differences between federal and unitary systems

4.4 Domestic Law and Sovereignty

GUIDING PRINCIPLES

5.1 Rationale

5.2 Principles for the Regulation of Drones Internationally by States

5.2.1 Preamble

5.2.2 Introduction

5.2.3 Operative Provisions

5.2.4 General Obligations

5.2.5 Implementation

5.3 A Multilateral Agreement to Regulate Drones?

THE FUTURE OF DRONES

6.1 INTRODUCTION

6.2 KEY DEVELOPMENTS

6.2.1 MINIATURISATION

6.2.2 AUTONOMY

6.2.3 SWARMING

6.2.4 FLIGHT EFFICIENCY AND ENDURANCE

ADEQUACY OF BATTERIES IN FUTURE PARADIGMS

6.2.5 ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY

6.3 EXAMPLES

6.3.1 ROBOTIC FLYING BIRDS AND INSECTS

6.3.2 DRONE COPTERS

6.3.3 AUTONOMOUS FLYING CARS

6.3.4 AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND SUPPORTING INFRASTRUCTURE

6.3.5 VEHICLES FOR PACKAGE DELIVERY

6.4 PILOTLESS COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT

6.5 ISSUES FOR REGULATION GOING FORWARD

Appendix – Principles for the Regulation of Drones Internationally by States

PREAMBLE

INTRODUCTION

I. OPERATIVE PROVISIONS

II. GENERAL OBLIGATIONS

III. IMPLEMENTATION

Bibliography

Index

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