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Preface
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ix
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Table of international agreements, charters, conventions, declarations and treaties
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xi
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Table of statutes and ordinances
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xii
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Table of cases
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xiii
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List of acronyms and abbreviations
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xvi
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Introduction
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1
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Part I Corporate social responsibility and anti-corruption
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5
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1 Corporate social responsibility
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7
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Definition and scope of CSR
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7
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Do corporations have broad responsibilities?
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8
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Is CSR beyond rules or subject to voluntary or mandatory rules?
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11
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Are universal standards of CSR evolving?
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12
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Global changes to CSR
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15
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Legal awareness of the need for CSR
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15
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The ‘spotlight effect’
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22
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Legal action
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25
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Corporate awareness of the importance of CSR
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34
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Conclusion
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39
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2 Anti-corruption as a CSR standard
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41
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What is corruption?
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42
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Multinational corporations and international corruption
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44
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Selected voluntary rules and impacts
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49
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Transparency International’s Business Principles for Countering Bribery (TI Business Principles)
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49
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World Economic Forum Partnering against Corruption Principles for Countering Bribery (PACI Principles)
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51
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International Chamber of Commerce Rules of Conduct and Recommendations for Combating Extortion and Bribery (ICC Rules)
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54
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Selected mandatory rules and impacts
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56
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United Kingdom
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57
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United States
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63
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Nigeria
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66
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Usefulness of extraterritorial laws for curbing international corruption
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70
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Conclusion
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73
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Part II Special focus on mechanisms for curbing international corruption from a CSR perspective
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75
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3 Global governance
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77
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What is global governance?
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78
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Global governance and corruption
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79
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Reform and strengthening of institutions for curbing corruption
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79
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Co-ordination of anti-corruption collaborative efforts
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85
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Regulation and control of global governance through the use of global administrative law
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92
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Classification of global governance
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93
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Multiplicity of actors
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94
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Global governance challenges
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95
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Impact of global governance on developing countries
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97
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Conclusion
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102
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4 International law
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104
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Curbing international corruption
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105
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Regional laws
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107
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The Organization of American States Inter-American Convention against Corruption (Inter-American Convention)
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107
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Council of Europe Criminal Law Convention on Corruption
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110
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African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (AU Convention)
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113
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Multiregional laws
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115
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The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (OECD Anti-Bribery Convention)
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115
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The UN Convention against Corruption (UNCAC)
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126
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Direct corporate responsibility under international law
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128
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Model of international corporate responsibility
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133
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Unintended consequences of international corporate responsibility
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139
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Conclusion
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145
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5 Civil remedies
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147
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Corruption and the enforceabilty of international contracts
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148
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Enforcement of foreign arbitral awards tainted with bribery
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148
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International commercial arbitration and the validity of international contracts tainted with bribery
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153
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Private rights of action for damages by victims of corruption
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162
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Private actions against corrupt competitors in international commerce
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163
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Conclusion
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166
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6 Corporate governance
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168
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What is corporate governance?
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169
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Corporate governance and corruption
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171
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International corruption and the use of shareholder derivative suits
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174
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Derivative suits in the US
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175
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Derivative suits in the UK
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186
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Role of institutional investors in curbing international corruption
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189
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Effect of Ruggie’s framework
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192
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Conclusion
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193
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7 Implications of selected anti-corruption mechanisms in the context of developing countries and CSR
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194
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The relevance of CSR for anti-corruption campaigns in developing countries
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195
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The need for a multipronged approach
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196
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Conclusion
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197
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Bibliography
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198
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Index
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217
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