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Essays on the Visualisation of Legal Informatics

Essays on the Visualisation of Legal Informatics

Author: Vytautas Cyras; Friedrich Lachmayer
Publisher: Springer International
ISBN: 9783031279560
Published In: May 2023
Format: Hardback
Jurisdiction: Switzerland ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only

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Both legal scholars and computer scientists will be curious to know how the gap between law and computing can be bridged.

The law, and also jurisprudence, is based on language, and is mainly textual. Every syntactic system has its semantic range, and so does language, which in law achieves a high degree of professional precision. The use of visualisations is a syntactic supplement and opens up a new understanding of legal forms. This understanding was reinforced by the paradigm shift from textual law to legal informatics, in which visual formal notations are decisive. The authors have been dealing with visualisation approaches for a long time and summarise them here for discussion.

In this book, a multiphase transformation from the legal domain to computer code is explored. The authors consider law enforcement by computer. The target view is that legal machines are legal actors that are capable of triggering institutional facts. In the visualisation of statutory law, an approach called Structural Legal Visualisation is presented. Specifically, the visualisation of legal meaning is linked with tertium comparationis, the third part of the comparison. In a legal documentation system, representing one legal source with multiple documents is viewed as a granularity problem. The authors propose to supplement legislative documents ex ante with explicit logic-oriented information in the form of a mini thesaurus. In contrast to so-called strong relations such as synonymy, antonymy and hypernymy/hyponymy, one should consider weak relations: (1) dialectical relations, a term of dialectical antithesis; (2) context relations; and (3) metaphorical relations, which means the use of metaphors for terms.

The chapters trace topics such as the distinction between knowledge visualisation and knowledge representation, the visualisation of Hans Kelsen's Pure Theory of Law, the separation of law and legal science, legal subsumption, legal relations, legal machines, encapsulation, compliance, transparency, standard cases and hard cases.

Part I: Legal Visualisation

Chapter 1. Introduction To Legal Visualisation - Chapter 2. Situation Versus Case - Chapter 3. Visualisation As A Tertium Comparationis Within Multilingual Communities - Chapter 4. Structural Legal Visualization - Chapter 5. Distinguishing between Knowledge Visualisation and Knowledge Representation in Legal Informatics - Chapter 6. Criteria for Multidimensional Visualisation in Law

Part II: On Legal Theory

Chapter 7. Is And Ought - Chapter 8. Visualization Of Hans Kelsen's Pure Theory Of Law - Chapter 9. From Kelsen's Ptl To Yoshino's Logical Jurisprudence - Chapter 10. Semiotic Aspects Of Law And Legal Science - Chapter 11. Content Meaning And Institutional Meaning Of A Legal Act

Part III: Legal Norm

Chapter 12. Extended Legal Thesaurus: Legal Terms As A Modally Indifferent Substrate - Chapter 13. Normative Resultants - Chapter 14. Legal Frameworks Of Three-Dimensional Virtual Worlds - Chapter 15. Legal Taboos

Part IV: Text-Document

Chapter 16. Dual Textuality Of Law - Chapter 17. Legal Norms And Legal Institutions As A Challenge For Legal Informatics - Chapter 18. Different Views To Legal Information Systems: Separate Legal Meanings And Legal Sublevels - Chapter 19. Logic-Oriented Methods For Structuring In The Context Of Lawmaking

Part V: Subsumption Legal Relations

Chapter 20. Legal Subsumption - Chapter 21. Formalising Legal Relations - Chapter 22. Tertium Comparationis In Law: Variations On Arthur Kaufmann's Theme

Part VI: Legal Machines Compliance

Chapter 23. Multisensory Legal Machines And Production Of Legal Acts - Chapter 24. Formulating The Compliance Problem - Chapter 25. Software Transparency For The Design Of Legal Machines

Part VII: Human Digitalities

Chapter 26. Towards Human Digitalities - Chapter 27. Multiphase Transformation: From Legal Text to Program

Part VIII. Argumentation

Chapter 28. Three Layers of Legal Argumentation: Content, Speech Act, and Role - Chapter 29. Transparent Complexity by Goals - Chapter 30. Standard Cases, Hard Cases, Emergency Cases and Scurrile Cases in Jurisprudence.