Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics

Author: Wendell Wallach; Peter Asaro
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 9781472430397
Published In: November 2016
Format: Hardback
Jurisdiction: U.K. ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only

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Once the stuff of science fiction, recent progress in artificial intelligence, robotics, and machine learning means that these rapidly advancing technologies are finally coming into widespread use within everyday life. Such rapid development in these areas also brings with it a host of social, political and legal issues, as well as a rise in public concern and academic interest in the ethical challenges these new technologies pose.

This volume is a collection of scholarly work from leading figures in the development of both robot ethics and machine ethics; it includes essays of historical significance which have become foundational for research in these two new areas of study, as well as important recent articles. The research articles selected focus on the control and governance of computational systems; the exploration of ethical and moral theories using software and robots as laboratories or simulations; inquiry into the necessary requirements for moral agency and the basis and boundaries of rights; and questions of how best to design systems that are both useful and morally sound. Collectively the articles ask what the practical ethical and legal issues, arising from the development of robots, will be over the next twenty years and how best to address these future considerations.

Part I Introduction: The emergence of robot ethics and machine ethics, Peter Asaro and Wendell Wallach

Appendix 1: research priorities for robust and beneficial artificial intelligence: an open letter

Appendix 2: research priorities for robust and beneficial artificial intelligence.

Part II Laying Foundations: Asimov's laws of robotics: implications for information technology (1), R. Clarke

Asimov's laws of robotics: implications for information technology (2), R. Clarke

Prolegomena to any future artificial moral agent, C. Allen, G. Varner and J. Zinser

How computer systems embody values, H. Nissenbaum

Ethical issues in advanced artificial intelligence, N. Bostrom.

Part III Robot Ethics: Roboethics: a bottom-up interdisciplinary discourse in the field of applied ethics in robotics, G. Veruggio and F. Operto

What should we want from a robot ethic?, P. Asaro

The Turing triage test, Robert Sparrow

A nascent robotics culture: new complicities for companionship, Sherry Turkle

Moral appearances: emotions, robots, and human morality, Mark Coeckelbergh

Robot caregivers: harbingers of expanded freedom for all?, Jason Borenstein and Yvette Pearson

Carebots and caregivers: sustaining the ethical ideal of care in the twenty-first century, Shannon Vallor

The crying shame of robot nannies: an ethical appraisal, Noel Sharkey and Amanda Sharkey

Designing robots for care: care centered value-sensitive design, Aimee van Wynsberghe

Robots, love, and sex: the ethics of building a love machine, John P. Sullins

Moral competence in social robots, B. Malle and Matthias Scheutz.

Part IV Machine Ethics: The nature, importance, and difficulty of machine ethics, James H. Moor

Machine ethics: creating an ethical intelligent agent, Michael Anderson and Susan Leigh Anderson

Machine morality: bottom-up and top-down approaches for modelling human moral faculties, Wendell Wallach, Colin Allen and Iva Smit

Why ethics is a high hurdle for AI, Drew McDermott

Prospects for a Kantian machine, Thomas M. Powers

Particularism and generalism: how AI can help us to better understand moral cognition, Marcello Guarini

Toward a general logicist methodology for engineering ethically correct robots, S. Bringsjord, K. Arkoudas and P. Bello

Consciousness and ethics: artificially conscious moral agents, Wendell Wallach, Colin Allen and Stan Franklin.

Part V Moral Agents and Agency: On the morality of artificial agents, Luciano Floridi and Jeff W. Sanders

Un-making artificial moral agents, Deborah G. Johnson and Keith W. Miller

Agencies in technology design: feminist reconfigurations, Lucy Suchman

Learning robots and human responsibility, Dante Marino and Guglielmo Tamburrini

Artificial consciousness and artificial ethics: between realism and social relationism, Steve Torrance

Beyond Asimov: the three laws of responsible robotics, Robin R. Murphy and David D. Woods.

Part VI Law and Policy: Legal personhood for artificial intelligences, Lawrence Solum

Ethical regulations on robotics in Europe, Michael Nagenborg et al.

Robots and privacy, M. Ryan Calo

The robot car of tomorrow may just be programmed to hit you, Patrick Lin

A vindication of the rights of machines, David J. Gunkel. Index.

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