Family Law

Marriage Markets How Inequality is Remaking the American Family

Edited by Naomi Cahn · June Carbone
Oxford University Press USA May 2014

Specifications

ISBN-13
9780199916580
Publisher
Oxford University Press USA
Publication
May 2014
Format
Hardback , 272 pages
Jurisdiction
U.S. ? Countri(es) for reference only

Details

  • Presents a provocative yet persuasive argument drawn from original research that ties together sociology, economics, politics, law and policy
  • Exposes the inadequacy of common explanations for a shift in the American family
  • Explains the way that the law increases fathers' rights for well off men while making it more difficult for poorer men to have contact with their children
  • Authors are well-known and well-regarded experts on the subject

Over the past four decades, the American family has undergone a radical transformation. Skyrocketing rates of divorce, single parenthood, and couples with children out of wedlock have all worked to undermine an idealized family model that took root in the 1950s and has served as a beacon for traditionalists ever since. But what are the causes of this change? Conservatives blame it on moral decline and women's liberation. Progressives often attribute it to women's greater freedom and changing sexual mores, but they typically paint these trends in a positive light. In Family Classes, Naomi Cahn and June Carbone contend that these views miss the forest for the trees. Armed with authoritative evidence, they show that the changing structure of our economy is the root cause of the transformation, and that working class and poorer families have paid the highest price. Increasing inequality and instability in the labor market over the past three decades has had a disproportionately negative impact on family stability and marriage rates among working-class and lower-income Americans. In particular, the decline of stable blue collar jobs for men has upended the labor market in the lower deciles of the income chart. Conversely, educated middle class Americans now have the highest rates of both marriage and marital stability despite the fact that they are relatively unlikely to espouse 'traditional values.' In fact, their family stability rate appears to be increasing. That is important because the children of stable two-parent families really do have a leg up in life. 

They draw from truly fascinating sociological data to drive home their point that economic factors weigh heaviest. For instance, when eligible (i.e., desirable and marriageable) men outnumber eligible women, the marriage and marital stability rates are significantly higher than when the reverse situation occurs - the exact situation we have in America today. Among the educated middle classes, eligible men outnumber eligible women in the area that truly matters—high incomes—and people in that strata therefore have far more stable family lives than working class and poorer Americans. In these latter sectors, men have lost economic ground vis-à-vis women, and family lives have become increasingly unstable in the last two decades. Interestingly, religion and moral values are insignificant factors in generating this difference in comparison to class. To make families stronger, then, we need to increase the level of economic stability in the bottom half of the population. The authors close with a series of policy proposals to address the family-related problems that flow from economic instability. A rigorous and enlightening account of why American families have changed so much since the 1960s, Family Classes cuts through the ideological and moralistic rhetoric that drives our current debate.

 

Readership: Students and scholars of family law and policy

Table of Contents

Introduction
Section I: The Puzzles of Today's Families
Chapter 1: Changing Families
Chapter 2: The New Foundations for Family Life: The Disappearance of the Center and the Emergence of Marriage As a Marker of Class
Chapter 3: Not Blaming the Victim: Derailed by Moynihan
Chapter 4: Blaming the Victim: The Morality Tale
Chapter 5: Getting Closer: The Rediscovery of Marriage Markets
Section II: The New Terms
Chapter 6: The Heart of the Matter
Chapter 7: Where the Men Are
Chapter 8: Remaking Class Barriers: Children and Achievement
Chapter 9: The Recreation of Class
Section III Legalizing Inequality: The Class Divide in the Meaning of Family Law
Chapter 10: The Law: Rewriting the Marital Script
Chapter 11: Shared Parenting: Egalitarian, Patriarchal or Both?
Section IV Rebuilding Community: Inequality, Class, and Family
Chapter 12: Rebuilding From the Top Down: The Family, Inequality and Employment
Chapter 13: Rebuilding from the Bottom up: Addressing Children's Needs.
Chapter 14: Sex, Power, Patriarchy and Parental Obligation
Chapter 15: The Rebirth of Community and the Family

About the Author

Naomi Cahn, Professor of Law, George Washington University, and June Carbone, Professor of Law, University of Missouri-Kansas City

NC: Professor of Law, George Washington University; co-author of Red Families v. Blue Families (OUP) JC: Professor of Law, University of Missouri-Kansas City; co-author of Red Families v. Blue Families (OUP)

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