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Regional Cooperation in Amazonia: A Comparative Environmental Law Analysis

Regional Cooperation in Amazonia: A Comparative Environmental Law Analysis

Name: Regional Cooperation in Amazonia: A Comparative Environmental Law Analysis
Brand: Brill Nijhoff
SKU: 9789004313491
Price: 2141.30 HKD
Availability: InStock
Author: Maria Antonia Tigre
ISBN: 9789004313491

By Maria Antonia Tigre

Brill Nijhoff September 2017

Specifications

ISBN-13: 9789004313491
Publisher: Brill Nijhoff
Publication: September 2017
Format: Hardback
Jurisdiction: Netherlands ? Countri(es) for reference only

Details

In Regional Cooperation in Amazonia: A Comparative Environmental Law Analysis, Maria Antonia Tigre provides a broad overview of the international, regional and national law applied to the Amazon rainforest and investigates efforts at regional cooperation for the protection of the Amazonian ecosystem. For the last four decades, cooperation among the eight countries in which the rainforest lies was primarily induced by the Amazon Cooperation Treaty (ACT). Originally adopted to ensure national sovereignty, the ACT gradually evolved toward a framework for sustainable development.

Based on the challenges faced by the treaty and its subsequent instruments, Maria Antonia Tigre analyzes ways in which the ACT can be more effectively applied, leading to practical results that reduce deforestation. These specifically relate to the enforceability of the right to the environment, the implementation of protected areas, and the development of financial mechanisms to fund initiatives.

Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Illustrations; Abbreviations and Acronyms; 1.
Introduction: 1.1 Geography of Amazonia; 1.2 How to Define Amazonia; 1.3 About This Book; 2.
History of Amazonia and Amazonian Deforestation: 2.1 Occupation before Colonization; 2.2 European Colonization; 2.3 Independence; 2.4 Military Regimes and Amazonian Occupation to Protect Borders; 2.5 Reestablished Democracies; 2.6 Conclusion; 3.
Threats to the Amazon Rainforest: Deforestation and Climate Change: 3.1 Deforestation; 3.2 Causes of Deforestation; 3.3 Climate Change and Amazonia; 3.4 Emissions in Amazonia; 3.5 Conclusion; 4.
Early forms of Regional Cooperation: From Bilateral Agreements to Regional Integration: 4.1 International Boundaries, Free Navigation, and Border Security; 4.2 Environmental Agenda at the Global Level; 4.3 Bilateral Agreements and the Idea for Binational Parks; 4.4 Foundations of Regional Cooperation; 4.5 Negotiations for an Amazon Club; 4.6 Conclusion; 5.
First Period of Cooperation Within the act’s Framework (1978–1989): The Defensive-Protectionist Phase: 5.1 Principles of the Act; 5.2 Territorial Scope of the Act; 5.3 Duration, Reservation and Dispute Resolution; 5.4 Member Countries’ Rights; 5.5 Member Countries’ Duties; 5.6 Ratification; 5.7 Institutional Structure of the act; 5.8 Initial Development of Cooperation; 5.9 Developments in International Forest Law; 5.10 Conclusion; 6.
Second Period of Cooperation within the act’s Framework (1989–1994): Boost and Political Strengthening: 6.1 1989 Manaus Declaration; 6.2 1992 Manaus Declaration; 6.3 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (unced), Rio de Janeiro; 6.4 Forest Certification; 6.5 Institutional Development; 6.6 Conclusion; 7.
Third Period of Cooperation within the act’s Framework (1995–2002): Institutional Maturity: 7.1 Institutional Development; 7.2 The Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization; 7.3 Financial Mechanism and External Assistance; 7.4 Environmental Agenda; 7.5 Developments in International Forest Law; 7.6 Conclusion; 8.
Fourth Period of Cooperation Within the act’s Framework (2002–2009): Institutional Visibility: 8.1 Institutional Development; 8.2 The 2004–2012 Strategic Plan; 8.3 Implementation of the Strategic Agenda; 8.4 Institutional Crisis; 8.5 Environmental Agenda; 8.6 Developments in International Forest Law; 8.7 Conclusion; 9.
Fifth Period of Cooperation within the act’s Framework (2009–2017): Revitalizing the acto: 9.1 Relaunch of the acto; 9.2 Strategic Agenda of Amazon Cooperation (aeca); 9.3 Implementation of the Strategic Agenda; 9.4 Environmental Agenda; 9.5 Developments in International Forest Law; 9.6 Conclusion; 10.
Critical Analysis of the act/acto: 10.1 Should Forests be Regulated at the Regional Level? An Analysis of Forest Regulation at the Global, Regional, and National Levels; 10.2 Is the acto the Appropriate Forum; 10.3 How Can the acto Achieve Tangible Results; 10.4 Experience from Brazil; 10.5 Conclusion; 11.
Environmental Protection: 11.1 Gaps in Regional Cooperation; 11.2 Substantive Right to the Environment; 11.3 Individual Duty to Protect the Environment; 11.4 State’s Duty to Protect the Environment; 11.5 Balance between Economic Development and Environmental Protection; 11.6 Constitutional Protection of the Amazon Rainforest; 11.7 Conclusion; 12.
Protected Areas: 12.1 Protected Areas and Indigenous Territories in Amazon Countries; 12.2 Deforestation in Protected Areas and Indigenous Territories; 12.3 The Case for a Regional Effort for Protected Areas; 12.4 Existing Regional Approaches for Protected Areas; 12.5 Brazil’s Amazon Region Protected Areas Program (Arpa); 12.6 Transboundary Protected Areas (tba); 12.7 Privately Protected Areas; 12.8 Conclusion; 13.
Financial Mechanisms: 13.1 Colombia’s Amazon Vision; 13.2 Brazil’s Amazon Fund; 13.3 Guyana-Norway Partnership; 13.4 Ecuador’s Yasuní-itt Initiative; 13.5 Socio Bosque Program in Ecuador; 13.6 Conclusion; 14.
Stakeholders in Amazonia: 14.1 Relevance of Stakeholders; 14.2 Environmental Institutions in Amazon Countries; 14.3 Amazonian Research Institutions; 14.4 National Institutions Participating in Regional Cooperation; 14.5 Participation of Third Parties and the Role of Multiple Stakeholders; 14.6 Conclusion; Appendices; Appendix 1: Amazon Cooperation Treaty; Appendix 2: Protocol of Amendment of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty; appendix 3: Declarations of Presidents of Amazon Countries; Bibliography; Index