The Companion to the European Convention on Human Rights

Human Rights

The Companion to the European Convention on Human Rights

Edited by Kushtrim Istrefi · Zane Ratniece · Kresimir Kamber
Brill Nijhoff November 2025

Specifications

ISBN-13
9789004541542
Publisher
Brill Nijhoff
Publication
November 2025
Format
Hardback
Jurisdiction
Netherlands ? Countri(es) for reference only

Details

Over time the corpus of rights and obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights has developed into and is perhaps best understood as a system of autonomous concepts, with the European Court of Human Rights acting as its master of conceptualisation. The Companion to the European Convention on Human Rights seeks to identify and explain what these concepts are, how they have evolved, and how they have been applied by the Court. The Companion presents the first compilation and analysis of nearly 300 ECHR notions on Convention rights, principles, procedures and institutions.

Table of Contents

List of abbreviations and short forms

Part A: Essays
Introduction: The Convention of Concepts and the Court as a Master of Conceptualisation
Kushtrim Istre , Zane Ratniece and Krešimir Kamber
Democracy and the Rule of Law
Robert Spano

Part B: Entries
Absolute rights, Natasa Mavronicola
Abuse of rights, Mykola Gnatovskyy
Abuse of the right of application, Mykola Gnatovskyy
Accessibility of law, Başak Çalı and Joseph Finnerty
Access to a court, Luca Pasquet
Access to a lawyer, Krešimir Kamber
Actio popularis, Vassilis P Tzevelekos
Admissibility, Maia Titberidze
Adversarial hearing (trial), Krešimir Kamber
Advisory opinion, Lize R. Glas
Amnesties, Miles Jackson
Arbitrariness, Pavlo Pushkar
Arguable claim, Floris Tan
Arrest, So a Mirandola
Arrest, Information on reasons of, So a Mirandola
Assembly, Elif Askin
Association, Elif Askin
Autonomous concept, Irene Suominen-Picht
Balancing of rights, Jonas Christo fersen
Best interests of the child, Katharina Behr and Firdes Shevket
Beyond reasonable doubt, Corina Heri
Bosphorus presumption
Burden of proof, Corina Heri
Chamber, Ivana Jelić and Claire Beutter
Civil right or obligation, Civil, Paul Lemmens
Civil right or obligation, Determination of, Paul Lemmens
Civil right or obligation, Right or obligation, Paul Lemmens
Collective expulsion of aliens, Thomas Straub
Committee, Lize R. Glas
Committee of Ministers, Pavlo Pushkar
Communication to government, Nikolina Katić
Compensation for unlawful detention, Roberto Chenal
Conditions of detention, Hasan Bakirci
Conscience, Vasily Lukashevich
Conscientious objection, Vasily Lukashevich
Continuing violation
Correspondence, Sejla Imamovic
Criminal charge (o fence), Bas van Bockel
Criminal charge, Determination of, Bas van Bockel
Criminal charge, Information about, Bas van Bockel
De minimis
Death penalty, Stevie Martin
Decision, Helga Molbæk-Steensig
Defamation, Harriet Ní Chinnéide
Defence (Legal assistance), Krešimir Kamber
Defence (Legal assistance), Free, Krešimir Kamber
Defence (Legal assistance), Preparation of, Krešimir Kamber
Denial of justice, Veronica Botticelli
Deprivation of liberty, Toomas Sillaste
Derogation, Sejla Imamovic
Derogation, Consistent with other international obligations, Mārtiņš Mits
Derogation, Extent strictly required by exigencies of the situation, Mārtiņš Mits
Derogation, Noti cation of, Mārtiņš Mits
Derogation, Threat to the life of the nation, Mārtiņš Mits
Derogation, War or other public emergency, Mārtiņš Mits
Detention after conviction, Peeter Roosma
Detention for non-compliance with a court order, So a Mirandola
Detention of alcoholics and drug addicts, Kristaps Tamužs
Detention of minors, Kristaps Tamužs
Detention of persons of unsound mind, Adriano Martu
Detention of vagrants, Kristaps Tamužs
Detention pending trial, Brought promptly before a judge, Toomas Sillaste
Detention pending trial, Reasonable suspicion, Toomas Sillaste
Detention pending trial, Reasonably considered necessary, Toomas Sillaste
Detention pending trial, Release, Toomas Sillaste
Detention pending trial, Trial within reasonable time, Toomas Sillaste
Detention to prevent infectious diseases, Kristaps Tamužs
Detention to prevent unauthorised entry into a country, Thomas Straub
Detention to secure ful lment of an obligation, So a Mirandola
Detention with a view to deportation or extradition, Thomas Straub
Detention, Grounds for, Adriano Martu
Detention, Lawfulness of, Adriano Martu
Detention, Review of lawfulness of, So a Mirandola
Diplomatic assurances, Asier Garrido-Muñoz
Discrimination, Alexandra Timmer
Discrimination on grounds of birth, Alice Margaria
Discrimination on grounds of language, Stephanos Stavros
Discrimination on grounds of national minority, Stephanos Stavros
Discrimination on grounds of national or social origin, Aida Grgic Boulais
Discrimination on grounds of political or other opinion, Aida Grgic Boulais
Discrimination on grounds of other status, Panos Kapotas
Discrimination on grounds of property, Constantin Cojocariu
Discrimination on grounds of race and colour, Constantin Cojocariu
Discrimination on grounds of religion, Panos Kapotas
Discrimination on grounds of sex, Marta Cabrera Martín
Discrimination, Analogous or relevantly similar situation, Panos Kapotas
Discrimination, General prohibition of, Panos Kapotas
Discrimination, Objective and reasonable justi cation, Alexandra Timmer
Domestic violence, Stevie Martin and Marta Cabrera Martín
Double jeopardy
Education, Daina Celma
Education in conformity with parents’ religious and philosophical convictions, Daina Celma
E fective investigation, Floris Tan
E fective remedy before a national authority, Maia Titberidze
Enforced disappearances
Entrapment, Krešimir Kamber
Environment, Natalia Kobylarz
Equality between spouses, Aida Grgic Boulais
Equality of arms, Krešimir Kamber
Equivalent protection, Demi-Lee Franklin and Vassilis P Tzevelekos
European Commission of Human Rights, Stephanos Stavros
European consensus, Jaka Kukavica and Vassilis P Tzevelekos
European Convention on Human Rights, Irene Suominen-Picht
Examination of the case by the Court, Corina Heri
Execution of a judgment, Pavlo Pushkar
Exhaustion of domestic remedies, Isabella Risini
Expression, Jasmine Sommardal
Expression, Duties and responsibilities, Giulio Fedele
Expulsion of a foreign national, Thomas Straub
Expulsion of a national, Asier Garrido-Muñoz
Extradition, Thomas Straub
Extraordinary rendition, Krisztina Huszti-Orban
Extraterritoriality, Krisztina Huszti-Orban and Daniel Møgster
Fair hearing (trial), Krešimir Kamber
Fair hearing (trial), Evidence, Krešimir Kamber
Fair hearing (trial), Minimum rights, Krešimir Kamber
Fair hearing (trial), Participation, Krešimir Kamber
Fair hearing (trial), Waiver of, Krešimir Kamber
Family life, Giulio Fedele
Forced disappearances, Corina Heri
Forced or compulsory labour, Vladislava Stoyanova
Foreseeability of law, Başak Çalı and Joseph Finnerty
Four-month rule, Maia Titberidze
Fourth instance, Harriet Ní Chinnéide
Free elections, Rory O’Connell
Friendly settlement, Hasan Mutaf
Furnish all necessary facilities, Corina Heri
Grand Chamber, Ivana Jelić and Claire Beutter
Harmonious interpretation, Irene Suominen-Picht
Hate crime, Natalie Alkiviadou
Hate speech, Valerie Albus
High Contracting Party, Irene Suominen-Picht
Hinder individual application, Olga Dmytrenko
Hold opinions, Ignatius Yordan Nugraha
Home, Pamela McCormick
Honour and reputation, Veronica Botticelli
Human dignity, Paulo Pinto de Albuquerque and Pınar Ölçer
Identity of a person, Pamela McCormick
Immigration detention of children and vulnerable adults, Thomas Straub
Immediacy, Krešimir Kamber
Imprisonment for debt, Veronica Botticelli
Individual application, Nikolina Katić
Infringement proceedings, Pavlo Pushkar
Inhuman or degrading punishment, Natasa Mavronicola
Inhuman or degrading treatment, Natasa Mavronicola
Inquiries by the Secretary General, Ayşe Bingöl Demir
Inter-State application, Isabella Risini
Interests of economic well-being of the country, Constantin Cojocariu
Interests of national security, Jasmine Sommardal
Interests of public safety, Jasmine Sommardal
Interests of territorial integrity, Krisztina Huszti-Orban and Daniel Møgster
Interim measure (Rule 39), Isebella Risini
Interpreter, Free assistance of, Krešimir Kamber
Journalistic sources, Dimitrios Kagiaros
Judgment, Helga Molbæk-Steensig
Jurisdiction of the Court, Rick Lawson
Jurisdiction of the Court ratione loci, Rick Lawson
Jurisdiction of the Court ratione materiae, Rick Lawson
Jurisdiction of the Court ratione personae, Rick Lawson
Jurisdiction of the Court ratione temporis, Rick Lawson
Jurisdiction of the State, Krisztina Huszti-Orban and Daniel Møgster
Just satisfaction, Stanislava Ilchenko
Leave a country, Sejla Imamovic
Legal aid, Stefanie Lemke
Legal certainty, Mykola Gnatovskyy
Legislative interference, Zeynep Yıldız Aykol
Legitimate aim, Başak Çalı and Joseph Finnerty
Lethal force, Philip Leach
Liberty and security, Toomas Sillaste
Licensing of broadcasting enterprises, Ledi Bianku
Life, Stevie Martin
Life imprisonment, Tobias Mortier
Life, Protected by law, Stevie Martin
Living instrument, Ineta Ziemele
Locus standi, Corina Heri
Maintaining authority and impartiality of judiciary, Taras Pashuk
Manifestly ill-founded, Aida Grgic Boulais
Margin of appreciation, Ineta Ziemele
Marriage, Alice Margaria
Master of characterisation, Paul Lemmens
Matter already examined by the Court, Zeynep Yıldız Aykol
Matter already submitted to another procedure of international investigation or settlement, Zeynep Yıldız
Aykol
Minimum standard, Irene Suominen-Picht
Movement, Roberto Chenal
Ne bis in idem (Non bis in idem, Double jeopardy), Bas van Bockel
Necessary in a democratic society, Nikolina Katić
Negative obligation, Claire (C.M.S.) Loven
No signi cant disadvantage, Nikos Vogiatzis
Non-contentious procedure, Hasan Mutaf
Non-pecuniary damage, Stanislava Ilchenko
Normal civic obligations, Gaia Zanotti
Noti cation to government
Nulla poena sine lege, Susana Sanz-Caballero
Nullum crimen sine lege, Susana Sanz-Caballero
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE), Pavlo Pushkar
Pecuniary damage, Stanislava Ilchenko
Personal data, Pamela McCormick
Physical force, Use by State agents, Ledi Bianku
Pilot judgment, Lize R. Glas
Plea bargaining, Krisztina Huszti-Orban
Political activity of aliens, Elif Askin
Positive obligation, Vladislava Stoyanova
Practical and e fective rights, Claire (C.M.S.) Loven
Practice directions of the Court
Prescribed by law (In accordance with the law), Aida Grgic Boulais
Presumption of innocence, Krešimir Kamber
Preventing the disclosure of information received in con dence, Ronan Fahy
Prevention of crime, Mykola Gnatovskyy
Prevention of disorder
Security detention, Krisztina Huszti-Orban and Daniel Møgster
Preventive detention, So a Mirandola
Preventive operational measures, Stevie Martin
Private life, Ignatius Yordan Nugraha
Procedural obligation, Claire (C.M.S.) Loven
Professional privilege, Stefanie Lemke
Property (Possessions), Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Control the use, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Control the use in the general interest, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Deprivation, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Deprivation in the public interest, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Deprivation provided for by general principles of international law, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Deprivation provided for by law, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Payment of other contributions, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Payment of penalties, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Payment of taxes, Pavlo Pushkar
Property, Peaceful enjoyment, Pavlo Pushkar
Proportionality, Ignatius Yordan Nugraha
Protection of health, Constantin Cojocariu
Protection of morals, Leto Cariolou
Protection of reputation of others, Leto Cariolou
Protection of rights or freedoms of others, Jasmine Sommardal
Public hearing (trial), Krešimir Kamber
Public judgment, Krešimir Kamber
Public order, Mykola Gnatovskyy
Quality of law, Başak Çalı and Joseph Finnerty
Real and immediate risk, Stevie Martin
Reasonable expectation of privacy, Jasmine Sommardal
Reasoning of judicial decisions, Paulo Pinto de Albuquerque and Pınar Ölçer
Receive and impart information and ideas, Dimitrios Kagiaros
Reform of the Court, Nikos Vogiatzis
Registry of the Court, Abel Campos
Religion and belief, Vasily Lukashevich
Religion and belief, Change
Religion and belief, Hold, Vasily Lukashevich
Religion and belief, Manifest, Vasily Lukashevich
Religious organisation, Vasily Lukashevich
Reservation to the Convention, Asier Garrido-Muñoz
Residence, Choose, Ignatius Yordan Nugraha
Respect for human rights, Roberto Chenal
Restrictions on rights for ulterior purpose, Tobias Mortier
Retroactivity, Ledi Bianku
Review of conviction or sentence, Pavlo Pushkar
Revision, Ezgi Özlü
Rule 47, Zane Ratniece
Rules of Court, Abel Campos
Separate opinion of judges, Helga Molbæk-Steensig
Service exacted in case of an emergency or calamity, Gaia Zanotti
Service of a military character, Mykola Gnatovskyy
Servitude, Vladislava Stoyanova
Silence, Right to, Krešimir Kamber
Single Judge, Lize R. Glas
Slavery, Vladislava Stoyanova
Stand for election, Rory O’Connell
Striking out an application, Helga Molbæk-Steensig
Subsidiarity, Harriet Ní Chinnéide
Summary-formula judgments and decisions, Hasan Bakirci
Surveillance, Krisztina Huszti-Orban
Testimonial privilege, Krešimir Kamber
Third party intervention, Ayşe Bingöl Demir
Thought
Torture, Natasa Mavronicola
Trade union, Filip Dorssemont
Trade union, Form, Filip Dorssemont
Trade union, Join, Filip Dorssemont
Tra cking in human beings, Marta Cabrera Martín
Trial (hearing) within reasonable time, Krešimir Kamber
Trial in absentia, Krešimir Kamber
Tribunal (court), Krešimir Kamber
Tribunal (court), Established by law, Krešimir Kamber
Tribunal (court), Impartial, Krešimir Kamber
Tribunal (court), Independent, Krešimir Kamber
Unilateral declaration, Hasan Mutaf
Value-judgment, Leto Cariolou
Very essence of a right, Jonas Christo fersen
Victim status, Corina Heri
Violation (breach), Ignatius Yordan Nugraha and Merel Vrancken
Violation (breach), Continuing, Philip Leach
Voting, Rory O’Connell
Vulnerability, Corina Heri and Alexandra Timmer
Whistle-blowers, Dimitrios Kagiaros
Witness, Absent (Absent witness), Krešimir Kamber
Witness, Anonymous (Anonymous witness), Krešimir Kamber
Witness, Attendance of, Krešimir Kamber
Witness, Examination of, Krešimir Kamber
Work required in detention, Mykola Gnatovskyy
Wrongful conviction, Stephanos Stavros
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