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The Eternal Criminal Record

The Eternal Criminal Record

Author: James B. Jacobs
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674368262
Published In: February 2015
Format: Hardback
Jurisdiction: U.S. ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only

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Description
Contents

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For over sixty million Americans, possessing a criminal record overshadows everything else about their public identity. A rap sheet, or even a court appearance or background report that reveals a run-in with the law, can have fateful consequences for a person s interactions with just about everyone else.

The Eternal Criminal Record makes transparent an all-pervading system of police databases and identity-screening that has become a routine feature of American life. The United States is unique in making criminal information easy to obtain by employers, landlords, neighbors, even cyberstalkers. Its nationally integrated rap-sheet system is second to none as an effective law enforcement tool, but it has also facilitated the transfer of ever-more sensitive information into the public domain. While there are good reasons for a person s criminal past to be public knowledge, records of arrests that fail to result in convictions are of questionable benefit. Simply by placing someone under arrest, a police officer has the power to tag a person with a legal history that effectively incriminates him or her for life. In James Jacobs s view, law-abiding citizens have a right to know when individuals in their community or workplace represent a potential threat. But convicted persons have rights, too.

Jacobs closely examines the problems created by erroneous recordkeeping, critiques the way the records of individuals who go years without a new conviction are expunged, and proposes strategies for eliminating discrimination based on criminal history, such as certifying the records of those who have demonstrated their rehabilitation.

Preface

1. Introduction

I. The Production and Dissemination of Criminal Records

2. Intelligence and Investigative Databases

3. Linking Bodies to Criminal Histories

4. Court Records

5. Privatizing Criminal Records

II. Key Policy Issues

6. Whether to Create a Criminal Record

7. Sealing, Purging, and Amending Conviction Records

8. Erroneous Records Problems

III. U.S. Criminal Record Exceptionalism