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The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI

The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI

Author: Markus Dubber; Frank Pasquale; Sunit Das
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780197601440

Published In: October 2021
Format: Paperback
Jurisdiction: U.K. ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only
Hardback Edition ISBN: 9780190067397

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This volume tackles a quickly-evolving field of inquiry, mapping the existing discourse as part of placing current developments in historical context; at the same time, breaking new ground in taking on novel subjects and pursuing fresh approaches.

The term "A.I." is used to refer to a broad range of phenomena, from machine learning and data mining to artificial general intelligence. The recent advent of more sophisticated AI systems, which function with partial or full autonomy and are capable of tasks which require learning and 'intelligence', presents difficult ethical questions, and has drawn concerns from many quarters about individual and societal welfare, democratic decision-making, moral agency, and the prevention of harm. This work ranges from explorations of normative constraints on specific applications of machine learning algorithms today-in everyday medical practice, for instance-to reflections on the (potential) status of AI as a form of consciousness with attendant rights and duties and, more generally still, on the conceptual terms and frameworks necessarily to understand tasks requiring intelligence, whether "human" or "A.I."

Part I. Introduction & Overview

1. The Artificial Intelligence of Ethics of AI: An Introductory Overview

Joanna Bryson

2. The Ethics of Ethics of AI: Mapping the Field

Thomas Powers, Delaware & Jean-Gabriel Ganascia

3. Ethics of AI in Context: Society & Culture

Judith Donath

Part II. Frameworks & Modes

4. Why Industry Self-regulation Will Not Deliver 'Ethical AI': A Call for Legally Mandated Techniques of 'Human Rights by Design'

Karen Yeung, Andrew Howes and Ganna Pogrebna

5. Private Sector AI: Ethics and Incentives

Tom Slee

6. Normative Modes: Codes & Standards

Paula Boddington

7. Normative Modes: Professional Ethics

Urs Gasser

Part III. Concepts & Issues

8. Fairness and the Concept of 'Bias'

Safiya Umoja Noble

9. Accountability in Computer Systems

Joshua Kroll

10. Transparency

Nick Diakopoulos

11. Responsibility

Virginia Dignum

12. The Concept of Handoff as a Model for Ethical Analysis and Design

Helen Nissenbaum & Deirdre Mulligan

13. Race and Gender

Timnit Gebru

14. The Future of Work in the Age of AI: Displacement, Augmentation, or Control?

Karen Levy & Pegah Moradi

15. The Rights of Artificial Intelligences

John Basl and Joseph Bowen

16. The Singularity: Sobering up About Merging with AI

Susan Schneider

17. Do Sentient AIs Have Rights? If So, What Kind?

Mark Kingwell

18. Autonomy

Michael Wheeler

19. Troubleshooting AI and Consent

Meg Leta Jones

20. Is Human Judgment Necessary?

Norman Spaulding

21. Sexuality

John Danaher

IV. Perspectives & Approaches

22. Computer Science

Benjamin Kuipers

23. Engineering

Jason Millar

24. Designing Robots Ethically Without Designing Ethical Robots: A Perspective from Cognitive Science

Ron Chrisley

25. Economics

Anton Korinek

26. Statistics

Martin Wells

27. Automating Origination: Perspectives from the Humanities

Avery Slater

28. Philosophy

David Gunkel

29. The Complexity of Otherness: Anthropological contributions to robots and AI

Kathleen Richardson

30. Calculative Composition: The Ethics of Automating Design

Shannon Mattern

31. Global South

Chinmayi Arun

32. East Asia

Danit Gal

33. Artificial Intelligence and Inequality in the Middle East: The Political Economy of Inclusion

Nagla Rizk

34. Europe's struggle to set global AI standards

Andrea Renda

Part V. Cases & Applications

35. The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Transportation

Bryant Walker Smith

36. Military

Jai Galliott

37. The Ethics of AI in Biomedical Research, Medicine and Public Health

Effy Vayena & Alessandro Blasimme

38. Law: Basic Questions

Harry Surden

39. Law: Criminal Law

Chelsea Barabas

40. Law: Public Law & Policy: Notice, Predictability, and Due Process

Kiel Brennan-Marquez

41. Law: Immigration & Refugee Law

Petra Molnar

42. Education

Elana Zeide

43. Algorithms and the Social Organization of Work

Ifeoma Ajunwa

44. Smart City Ethics

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