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Cross-Border Recognition of Formalized Same-Sex Relationships

Cross-Border Recognition of Formalized Same-Sex Relationships

Author: Laima Vaige
Publisher: Intersentia Publishers
ISBN: 9781839702563
Published In: September 2022
Format: Paperback
Jurisdiction: U.K. ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only

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Contents

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Same-sex relationships have successively qualified for formalization through marriage or registered partnership in many European countries. However, some EU Member States still refuse to give them any form of recognition or only allow very limited legal effects. The irregular speed of development in domestic family laws in EU Member States results in “limping family” relations, that is, family relations that are recognised as creating a formal civil status in many EU Member States, but not in all of them. The ordre public safeguard of private international law has widely been used to justify why a same-sex marriage or registered partnership cannot be recognised. The pretext tends to be that national identity, allegedly, becomes threatened. Nevertheless, the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of European Union provides new standards for recognition, which create legal obligations for EU Member States.

The author focuses on the interaction between human rights standards and private international law, carrying out a deft investigation of the impact of “Europeanization” on this interaction, analysing legal effects of same-sex marriages and registered partnerships in the Baltic States and Poland in a cross-border context. The central theme in this book is the elusive and ever-changing concept of ordre public, and the interplay between its understanding(s) at the national and European levels.

The aim of this book is to evaluate the impact of culture in this area of study, within the context of the analysed States’ recent histories, societal developments, and religions. This book is published at a time of clashes between traditional family values and gender equality in Europe. In States like Lithuania and Poland, the heterosexual nature of marriage is considered to be a fundamental component of the State’s national identity and public policy. Nevertheless, the book reveals how different legal understandings of national identity, ordre public, and the family can co-exist in parallel.

PART I. SETTING THE STAGE

Chapter 1. Introduction

Chapter 2. The Theory on Ordre Public in Private International Law

PART II. THE ORDRE PUBLIC IN THE BALTIC STATES AND POLAND

Chapter 3. Cross-Border Recognition of Formalized Family Status in the Baltic States and Poland

Chapter 4. Inclusion of Formalized Same-Sex Relationships into Civil Registry and the Right to Enter and Reside

PART III. THE EUROPEAN AND THE EU ORDRE PUBLIC

Chapter 5. “For the Sole Purpose of” Approach to Formalized Same-Sex Relationships

Chapter 6. Cross-Border Recognition of the Civil Status in Previous Case-Law of European Supranational Courts

Chapter 7. Supranational European Law of the Future: Cross-Border Recognition of Same-Sex Marriages in Full

Chapter 8. International Treaties on Cross-Border Recognition of Marriages and Partnerships

PART IV. LEGAL EFFECTS OF FORMALIZED SAME-SEX RELATIONSHIPS: NATIONAL AND SUPRANATIONAL LAW

Chapter 9. Granting Formalized Same-Sex Relationships Certain Legal Effects in Family Law and Beyond: Recognition in Part under Supranational European Law

Chapter 10. Granting Formalized Same-Sex Relationship Effects in Family Law and Beyond: National Law

PART V. LAW IN CONTEXT

Chapter 11. Private International Law in Context

Chapter 12. Contextualizing Social and Legal Developments in the Baltic States and Poland

Chapter 13. Protection against and Re-Cognition of “Foreign” Realities

Chapter 14. Conclusions