Preface.
List of case organizations.
About the authors.
PART 1 INTRODUCTION.
1 Exploiting dilemmas and paradoxes through a new mode of leadership.
Meanings of dilemmas and paradox.
The exploitation of paradox.
Types.
Dilemma/paradox 1: strategy and business models.
Dilemma/paradox 2: organizational structuring.
Dilemma/paradox 3: performance and control.
Dilemma/paradox 4: innovation dilemmas.
Dilemma/paradox 5: managers’ knowledge.
Dilemma/paradox 6: organizational change.
The role of leadership.
Conclusions.
Organization of the book.
2 The nature of dilemma and paradox.
Dilemma and paradox.
Experiencing dilemma and paradox.
The organizational level.
Visualizing dilemmas.
The subjectivity of dilemma and paradox.
Exploiting dilemmas and paradoxes.
Managing paradoxes.
Conclusions.
PART 2 THE SIX DILEMMAS AND PARADOXES.
3 Dilemmas and paradoxes of strategy.
Strategy and capability.
Business and organizational models.
Strategy and organizational design.
Two case studies: EngCon and contract cleaning services.
Case 1: The engineering consultancy company.
Case 2: Commercial and industrial cleaning and support services contractors.
Discussion.
4 Dilemmas and paradoxes of organizational form and structuring.
From bureaucracy to market.
Project management.
Process management.
Joint ventures and alliances.
Strategic outsourcing.
Supply chain management.
Networks and virtual organizations.
Conclusions.
5 Dilemmas and paradoxes of performance management.
The meaning and implications of performance management.
The paradox of control.
The performance control process.
The social complexity of the process.
Types of control.
Direct supervision.
Technical controls.
Administrative controls.
Quality and Just-in-Time manufacturing.
Incentive payments as a form of performance management.
Self controls and social controls.
Control and resistance.
The vicious circle of control.
Positive responses to controls.
Reconciling control and autonomy.
Performance and management systems.
The wider context.
Conclusions.
6 Dilemmas and paradoxes of innovation.
Introduction.
Innovation issues.
Business strategy and the management of innovation.
Barriers and enablers.
Exploration versus exploitation.
The role of established cognitive structures and recipes.
Our findings about managers’ use of theory and the choice between two divergent models.
Managers’ interpretations of the nature and priority of innovation.
Different interpretations and their consequences.
The moral and affective dimensions.
The illegitimacy of innovation?
Analyses of the source of the problem.
Formal and informal systems.
Informal systems.
Organizational cultures.
Mindsets and values.
Approaches to innovation: a danger to be controlled or energy to be tapped?
Loose/tight.
The value of searching.
The role of leadership.
Conclusions.
7 Dilemmas and paradoxes of managers’ knowledge.
Fads, fashions and prevailing assumptions.
Developing strategy: the role of executives’ knowledge and thinking.
Why are executives’ ideas powerful?
Tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge; consensual knowledge and differentiated knowledge.
Findings about executive managers’ strategic knowledge.
Type 1: common unexplored understandings.
Type 2: divergent, submerged/unexplored conflicts.
Type 3: negotiated action.
Type 4: manifest conflict.
Conclusions.
8 Dilemmas and paradoxes of organizational change.
Introduction.
The nature and sources of change paradoxes.
The knowledge and role of managers.
The nature of organizations.
The objectives of organizational change projects.
The paradoxes of change processes.
Why change? The relationship between organizational capacity and organizational strategy.
Why change? Basic systems.
Why change? Core competences.
Why change? The adaptive organization.
Why change? Strategic capacity.
Key change problems and solutions.
Key change problems: organizational capacity to change.
Key change problems: symptoms and sources.
Key change problems: changing how we change.
Key change problems: changing the organization or helping it learn to change?
Conclusions.
PART 3 CONCLUSIONS.
9 Implications for leaders of organizations.
Dilemmas and paradoxes of strategy and of business models.
Dilemmas and paradoxes of organizing.
Dilemmas and paradoxes of performance management.
Dilemmas of innovation.
The paradoxes of change.
Cross-cutting applications and a summary of lessons for leaders.
References.
Index.
