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Democracy, Elections, and Constitutionalism in Africa

Democracy, Elections, and Constitutionalism in Africa

Author: Charles M. Fombad; Nico Steytler
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780192894779
Published In: March 2021
Format: Hardback
Jurisdiction: U.K. ? Disclaimer:
Countri(es) stated herein are used as reference only

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The third wave of democracy that reached African shores at the end of the Cold War brought with it a dramatic decline from 1990 onwards in dictatorships, military regimes, one-party governments, and presidents for life. Multiparty democracy was at the core of the constitutional revolutions that swept through most of Africa in those watershed years. However, that wave is either losing momentum or receding - or being reversed in its entirety.

This volume examines democracy and elections in Africa, a focus motivated by two concerns. First, after 30 years it is important to take stock of the state of constitutional democracy on the continent. The democratic gains of the 1990s and 2000s seem to be falling by the wayside, with the evidence mounting that regimes are concealing authoritarianism under the veneer of elections, doing so in an international context where populist regimes are on the rise and free and fair multiparty elections are consequently no longer a given. It is becoming a battle to protect and retain constitutional democracy. The second reason for this volume's focus on democracy and elections is that multiparty democracy is essential for the proper functioning of the state in addressing the major problems facing Africa - internal conflict, inequality and lack of development, and poor governance and corruption.

The focus of this volume is thus on how competitive politics or multiparty democracy can be realized and how, through competition, such politics could lead to better policy and practice outcomes.

Introduction: Democracy, Elections, and Constitutionalism in Africa, Nico Steytler

Part 1: Making Multiparty Democracy Work in Africa

1.:Democracy, Elections and Constitutionalism in Africa: Setting the Scene, Charles M. Fombad

2.:How Could We Design Democracy to Make it Work in the African Context, Nicholas Cheeseman

3.:The Africa Union and the Advancement of Democracy: The Problem of Unconstitutional Retention of Governmental Power., Adem Abebe and Charles M. Fombad

4.:Local Multiparty Democracy in Africa, Nico Steytler

Part 2: Authoritarian Multiparty Democracy: Case Studies

5.:Multiparty Democracy in Zimbabwe After the Adoption of the 2013 Constitution, Tinashe Chigwata

6.:Competitive Authoritarianism in a Constitutional Democracy: The Case of SWAPO in Namibia, Henning Melber

7.:Constitutionalism and Electoral Authoritarianism in Ethiopia: From EPRDF to EPP, Zemelak Ayitenew Ayele

8.:Constitutionalism and Developmental Authoritarianism: Power, Law and Legitimacy in Post-Genocide Rwanda, Teresa Noguira Pinto

9.:Egypt's Plasticine Constitution: Autocratic Democracy and the 2018 Presidential Elections, Sherif Elgebeily

Part 3: Enhancing the Role of Political Parties in Making Democracy Work

10.:Internal Party Democracy in Tanzania: A Reflection on Three Decades of Multiparty Politics, Edwin Babeiya

11.:Party-political Financing, Democracy and Constitutionalism in Ethiopia (1991-2018), Zelalem Defigie

Part 4: Enhancing Democratic Quality Through Electoral Processes

12.:Nigeria in Search of a Credible Electoral Administration: Recent Reforms and Persistent Challenges, Rotimi Suberu

13.:Adjudication of Disputed Presidential Elections in Africa, O'Brien Kaaba and Charles M. Fombad

Part 5: Promoting Inclusive and Participatory Democracy

14.:Women's Participation in Elections and Legislatures in Kenya Under the 2010 Constitution, Jill Cottrell Ghai

15.:How Zimbabwe's 2013 Constitution Addresses Women's Election and Participation in Parliament, Makanatsa Makonese

Part 6: General Conclusion

16.:Reversing the Surging Tide towards Authoritarian Democracy in Africa, Charles M. Fombad

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